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With so many of the FoM cards showing -1 / -1 or the like, does this mean that the character it’s played on is permanently decreased, whether it was played in territory or battle? I’m assuming so, just want to be sure.
I believe he meant 1/1 doesn't give you an increase.
It gives you an increase in battle, but not a permanent increase. After battle, your hero goes back to its base stats.