To quote the REG
"Toss
Last Updated: 3/4/2013 Released: 3/4/2013
General Description
A toss ability allows a player to discard an enhancement to decrease an opposing character in battle.
How to Play
A toss ability allows a player to play an enhancement in a different way than usual; instead of activating the numbers or special abilities of the enhancement, the enhancement is discarded to decrease an opposing character by X/X (where X is the strength of the discarded enhancement).
Default Conditions
• Enhancements discards to the toss ability must come from hand.
• The strength of the discarded enhancement is determined by the face value of the card.
• Targets for the decrease must be in battle and controlled by opponent.
Increase or Decrease Abilities
Released: 7/26/2011
General Description
An increase or decrease abilities changes the strength and/or toughness of characters or enhancements.
How to Play
Increase or decrease abilities can increase strength and toughness, decrease strength and toughness, or change the strength and toughness to a new specified amount. Increase or decrease abilities can by dynamically conditional, statically conditional, or unconditional. Dynamically conditional increase or decrease abilities are ongoing. Dynamic abilities are typically designated by a “*” or “x” on the card. All other Increase or decrease abilities are instantaneous. Increase or decrease abilities target the card(s) whose abilities are changed.
Default Conditions
• Ongoing increase or decrease abilities last until the end of the current phase.
• Gains from instantaneous increase or decrease abilities are permanent.
• If the toughness of a character is decreased to a value of zero or less, that character is discarded immediately.
• Targets must be in play."
So from what I see here kram1138 is correct on ruling 1 and 3 for sure, assuming the decrease is an instantaneous ability. I'd also say he is correct on ruling 2 since it says it has to be discarded to obtain the decrease.
I hope this helps.
