Samuel has a wealth of options available. My favorite is Silver/Teal/Gold/Green decks, but the most common is Red/Purple decks. The basic premise is to draw a lot and play a bunch of "Interrupt the battle and discard ____. Cannot be Negated." cards.
The Red/Purple decks (or an Ahimilek deck, as I call it) goes like this:
The Angel Under the Oak (D2, get Samuel)
Samuel (grab David or King David, depending on whether you focus more on Red or Purple, D2, band to Armorbearer)
Armorbearer
Ishmaiah (D3, band to David)
David
At this point, you've gained 8 cards and can play Bravery of David for a CBN win. Alternatively, you can not band with Samuel and use Samuel's Edict. Or you can grab King Saul (good) and band to him instead of Armorbearer to play Reach (to D3 more...like you need it...) and follow it up with an AoCP. Simon the Zealot and Cousel of Abigail fit nicely here, as well as King Amaziah (who has Valley of Salt as another ITB/Discard/CBN) and King Saul (evil), for King Amaziah to choose. Ahimilek is another driving force, as he turns Battle Cry, Deborah's Directive, and Unified Kingdom into "Cannot be Interrupted" battle winners.
The Teal/Silver/Green/Gold is pretty straight forward as well. Samuel can band to Abiathar, whose protection makes him very valuable, and Aaron can band to Moses, giving you three brigade options. The feasts (Pentecost and First Fruits) help speed things up, even though you lose some using two Davids and a King Saul or two. Phineas is always nice in a pinch as well. The green comes in with David, Samuel, and Aaron, giving you multiple options. Two Bears and Provisions are excellent enhancements. The Gold is primarily Gideon (who becomes awesome after using Angel Under the Oak), Samuel (seeing a common theme here?), and Moses, with Ehud's Dagger, Samuel's Edict, and another enhancement (Eli's Sound Advice). Silver has The Angel Under the Oak, Cherubim (the new one), and TSA (because what deck isn't helped by The Strong Angel). It seldom goes into battle, but Striking Herod is always nice, and Wheel within a Wheel and Live Coal are great Territory Class, Green/Silver enhancements.
Angel with a Secret Name is sometimes thrown in to speed up drawing Samuel.
Don't ever play Samuel. It can basically be splashed in with any brigade and begins taking over quickly, and soon every deck you build becomes a Samuel deck.